On the right side, barren soil (zipella the singular of zipelle) where grass is difficult to grow. But on the left side, thanks to stony line and Zai system, sorghum crop is growing fairly well.
It shows the holes of Zai system. The farmer has not yet put manure into them.
The impact of runoff and erosion phenomenon on a stony line. This line located up-stream, has not been stabilized with vegetation like Andropogon gayanus.